allstar/assets/scripts/lib/Underscore.js

//     Underscore.js 1.9.1
//     http://underscorejs.org
//     (c) 2009-2018 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud and Investigative Reporters & Editors
//     Underscore may be freely distributed under the MIT license.

(function() {

    // Baseline setup
    // --------------
  
    // Establish the root object, `window` (`self`) in the browser, `global`
    // on the server, or `this` in some virtual machines. We use `self`
    // instead of `window` for `WebWorker` support.
    var root = typeof self == 'object' && self.self === self && self ||
              typeof global == 'object' && global.global === global && global ||
              this ||
              {};
  
    // Save the previous value of the `_` variable.
    var previousUnderscore = root._;
  
    // Save bytes in the minified (but not gzipped) version:
    var ArrayProto = Array.prototype, ObjProto = Object.prototype;
    var SymbolProto = typeof Symbol !== 'undefined' ? Symbol.prototype : null;
  
    // Create quick reference variables for speed access to core prototypes.
    var push = ArrayProto.push,
        slice = ArrayProto.slice,
        toString = ObjProto.toString,
        hasOwnProperty = ObjProto.hasOwnProperty;
  
    // All **ECMAScript 5** native function implementations that we hope to use
    // are declared here.
    var nativeIsArray = Array.isArray,
        nativeKeys = Object.keys,
        nativeCreate = Object.create;
  
    // Naked function reference for surrogate-prototype-swapping.
    var Ctor = function(){};
  
    // Create a safe reference to the Underscore object for use below.
    var _ = function(obj) {
      if (obj instanceof _) return obj;
      if (!(this instanceof _)) return new _(obj);
      this._wrapped = obj;
    };
  
    // Export the Underscore object for **Node.js**, with
    // backwards-compatibility for their old module API. If we're in
    // the browser, add `_` as a global object.
    // (`nodeType` is checked to ensure that `module`
    // and `exports` are not HTML elements.)
    if (typeof exports != 'undefined' && !exports.nodeType) {
      if (typeof module != 'undefined' && !module.nodeType && module.exports) {
        exports = module.exports = _;
      }
      exports._ = _;
    } else {
      root._ = _;
    }
  
    // Current version.
    _.VERSION = '1.9.1';
  
    // Internal function that returns an efficient (for current engines) version
    // of the passed-in callback, to be repeatedly applied in other Underscore
    // functions.
    var optimizeCb = function(func, context, argCount) {
      if (context === void 0) return func;
      switch (argCount == null ? 3 : argCount) {
        case 1: return function(value) {
          return func.call(context, value);
        };
        // The 2-argument case is omitted because we’re not using it.
        case 3: return function(value, index, collection) {
          return func.call(context, value, index, collection);
        };
        case 4: return function(accumulator, value, index, collection) {
          return func.call(context, accumulator, value, index, collection);
        };
      }
      return function() {
        return func.apply(context, arguments);
      };
    };
  
    var builtinIteratee;
  
    // An internal function to generate callbacks that can be applied to each
    // element in a collection, returning the desired result — either `identity`,
    // an arbitrary callback, a property matcher, or a property accessor.
    var cb = function(value, context, argCount) {
      if (_.iteratee !== builtinIteratee) return _.iteratee(value, context);
      if (value == null) return _.identity;
      if (_.isFunction(value)) return optimizeCb(value, context, argCount);
      if (_.isObject(value) && !_.isArray(value)) return _.matcher(value);
      return _.property(value);
    };
  
    // External wrapper for our callback generator. Users may customize
    // `_.iteratee` if they want additional predicate/iteratee shorthand styles.
    // This abstraction hides the internal-only argCount argument.
    _.iteratee = builtinIteratee = function(value, context) {
      return cb(value, context, Infinity);
    };
  
    // Some functions take a variable number of arguments, or a few expected
    // arguments at the beginning and then a variable number of values to operate
    // on. This helper accumulates all remaining arguments past the function’s
    // argument length (or an explicit `startIndex`), into an array that becomes
    // the last argument. Similar to ES6’s "rest parameter".
    var restArguments = function(func, startIndex) {
      startIndex = startIndex == null ? func.length - 1 : +startIndex;
      return function() {
        var length = Math.max(arguments.length - startIndex, 0),
            rest = Array(length),
            index = 0;
        for (; index < length; index++) {
          rest[index] = arguments[index + startIndex];
        }
        switch (startIndex) {
          case 0: return func.call(this, rest);
          case 1: return func.call(this, arguments[0], rest);
          case 2: return func.call(this, arguments[0], arguments[1], rest);
        }
        var args = Array(startIndex + 1);
        for (index = 0; index < startIndex; index++) {
          args[index] = arguments[index];
        }
        args[startIndex] = rest;
        return func.apply(this, args);
      };
    };
  
    // An internal function for creating a new object that inherits from another.
    var baseCreate = function(prototype) {
      if (!_.isObject(prototype)) return {};
      if (nativeCreate) return nativeCreate(prototype);
      Ctor.prototype = prototype;
      var result = new Ctor;
      Ctor.prototype = null;
      return result;
    };
  
    var shallowProperty = function(key) {
      return function(obj) {
        return obj == null ? void 0 : obj[key];
      };
    };
  
    var has = function(obj, path) {
      return obj != null && hasOwnProperty.call(obj, path);
    }
  
    var deepGet = function(obj, path) {
      var length = path.length;
      for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        if (obj == null) return void 0;
        obj = obj[path[i]];
      }
      return length ? obj : void 0;
    };
  
    // Helper for collection methods to determine whether a collection
    // should be iterated as an array or as an object.
    // Related: http://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-tolength
    // Avoids a very nasty iOS 8 JIT bug on ARM-64. #2094
    var MAX_ARRAY_INDEX = Math.pow(2, 53) - 1;
    var getLength = shallowProperty('length');
    var isArrayLike = function(collection) {
      var length = getLength(collection);
      return typeof length == 'number' && length >= 0 && length <= MAX_ARRAY_INDEX;
    };
  
    // Collection Functions
    // --------------------
  
    // The cornerstone, an `each` implementation, aka `forEach`.
    // Handles raw objects in addition to array-likes. Treats all
    // sparse array-likes as if they were dense.
    _.each = _.forEach = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
      iteratee = optimizeCb(iteratee, context);
      var i, length;
      if (isArrayLike(obj)) {
        for (i = 0, length = obj.length; i < length; i++) {
          iteratee(obj[i], i, obj);
        }
      } else {
        var keys = _.keys(obj);
        for (i = 0, length = keys.length; i < length; i++) {
          iteratee(obj[keys[i]], keys[i], obj);
        }
      }
      return obj;
    };
  
    // Return the results of applying the iteratee to each element.
    _.map = _.collect = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
      iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
      var keys = !isArrayLike(obj) && _.keys(obj),
          length = (keys || obj).length,
          results = Array(length);
      for (var index = 0; index < length; index++) {
        var currentKey = keys ? keys[index] : index;
        results[index] = iteratee(obj[currentKey], currentKey, obj);
      }
      return results;
    };
  
    // Create a reducing function iterating left or right.
    var createReduce = function(dir) {
      // Wrap code that reassigns argument variables in a separate function than
      // the one that accesses `arguments.length` to avoid a perf hit. (#1991)
      var reducer = function(obj, iteratee, memo, initial) {
        var keys = !isArrayLike(obj) && _.keys(obj),
            length = (keys || obj).length,
            index = dir > 0 ? 0 : length - 1;
        if (!initial) {
          memo = obj[keys ? keys[index] : index];
          index += dir;
        }
        for (; index >= 0 && index < length; index += dir) {
          var currentKey = keys ? keys[index] : index;
          memo = iteratee(memo, obj[currentKey], currentKey, obj);
        }
        return memo;
      };
  
      return function(obj, iteratee, memo, context) {
        var initial = arguments.length >= 3;
        return reducer(obj, optimizeCb(iteratee, context, 4), memo, initial);
      };
    };
  
    // **Reduce** builds up a single result from a list of values, aka `inject`,
    // or `foldl`.
    _.reduce = _.foldl = _.inject = createReduce(1);
  
    // The right-associative version of reduce, also known as `foldr`.
    _.reduceRight = _.foldr = createReduce(-1);
  
    // Return the first value which passes a truth test. Aliased as `detect`.
    _.find = _.detect = function(obj, predicate, context) {
      var keyFinder = isArrayLike(obj) ? _.findIndex : _.findKey;
      var key = keyFinder(obj, predicate, context);
      if (key !== void 0 && key !== -1) return obj[key];
    };
  
    // Return all the elements that pass a truth test.
    // Aliased as `select`.
    _.filter = _.select = function(obj, predicate, context) {
      var results = [];
      predicate = cb(predicate, context);
      _.each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
        if (predicate(value, index, list)) results.push(value);
      });
      return results;
    };
  
    // Return all the elements for which a truth test fails.
    _.reject = function(obj, predicate, context) {
      return _.filter(obj, _.negate(cb(predicate)), context);
    };
  
    // Determine whether all of the elements match a truth test.
    // Aliased as `all`.
    _.every = _.all = function(obj, predicate, context) {
      predicate = cb(predicate, context);
      var keys = !isArrayLike(obj) && _.keys(obj),
          length = (keys || obj).length;
      for (var index = 0; index < length; index++) {
        var currentKey = keys ? keys[index] : index;
        if (!predicate(obj[currentKey], currentKey, obj)) return false;
      }
      return true;
    };
  
    // Determine if at least one element in the object matches a truth test.
    // Aliased as `any`.
    _.some = _.any = function(obj, predicate, context) {
      predicate = cb(predicate, context);
      var keys = !isArrayLike(obj) && _.keys(obj),
          length = (keys || obj).length;
      for (var index = 0; index < length; index++) {
        var currentKey = keys ? keys[index] : index;
        if (predicate(obj[currentKey], currentKey, obj)) return true;
      }
      return false;
    };
  
    // Determine if the array or object contains a given item (using `===`).
    // Aliased as `includes` and `include`.
    _.contains = _.includes = _.include = function(obj, item, fromIndex, guard) {
      if (!isArrayLike(obj)) obj = _.values(obj);
      if (typeof fromIndex != 'number' || guard) fromIndex = 0;
      return _.indexOf(obj, item, fromIndex) >= 0;
    };
  
    // Invoke a method (with arguments) on every item in a collection.
    _.invoke = restArguments(function(obj, path, args) {
      var contextPath, func;
      if (_.isFunction(path)) {
        func = path;
      } else if (_.isArray(path)) {
        contextPath = path.slice(0, -1);
        path = path[path.length - 1];
      }
      return _.map(obj, function(context) {
        var method = func;
        if (!method) {
          if (contextPath && contextPath.length) {
            context = deepGet(context, contextPath);
          }
          if (context == null) return void 0;
          method = context[path];
        }
        return method == null ? method : method.apply(context, args);
      });
    });
  
    // Convenience version of a common use case of `map`: fetching a property.
    _.pluck = function(obj, key) {
      return _.map(obj, _.property(key));
    };
  
    // Convenience version of a common use case of `filter`: selecting only objects
    // containing specific `key:value` pairs.
    _.where = function(obj, attrs) {
      return _.filter(obj, _.matcher(attrs));
    };
  
    // Convenience version of a common use case of `find`: getting the first object
    // containing specific `key:value` pairs.
    _.findWhere = function(obj, attrs) {
      return _.find(obj, _.matcher(attrs));
    };
  
    // Return the maximum element (or element-based computation).
    _.max = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
      var result = -Infinity, lastComputed = -Infinity,
          value, computed;
      if (iteratee == null || typeof iteratee == 'number' && typeof obj[0] != 'object' && obj != null) {
        obj = isArrayLike(obj) ? obj : _.values(obj);
        for (var i = 0, length = obj.length; i < length; i++) {
          value = obj[i];
          if (value != null && value > result) {
            result = value;
          }
        }
      } else {
        iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
        _.each(obj, function(v, index, list) {
          computed = iteratee(v, index, list);
          if (computed > lastComputed || computed === -Infinity && result === -Infinity) {
            result = v;
            lastComputed = computed;
          }
        });
      }
      return result;
    };
  
    // Return the minimum element (or element-based computation).
    _.min = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
      var result = Infinity, lastComputed = Infinity,
          value, computed;
      if (iteratee == null || typeof iteratee == 'number' && typeof obj[0] != 'object' && obj != null) {
        obj = isArrayLike(obj) ? obj : _.values(obj);
        for (var i = 0, length = obj.length; i < length; i++) {
          value = obj[i];
          if (value != null && value < result) {
            result = value;
          }
        }
      } else {
        iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
        _.each(obj, function(v, index, list) {
          computed = iteratee(v, index, list);
          if (computed < lastComputed || computed === Infinity && result === Infinity) {
            result = v;
            lastComputed = computed;
          }
        });
      }
      return result;
    };
  
    // Shuffle a collection.
    _.shuffle = function(obj) {
      return _.sample(obj, Infinity);
    };
  
    // Sample **n** random values from a collection using the modern version of the
    // [Fisher-Yates shuffle](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisher–Yates_shuffle).
    // If **n** is not specified, returns a single random element.
    // The internal `guard` argument allows it to work with `map`.
    _.sample = function(obj, n, guard) {
      if (n == null || guard) {
        if (!isArrayLike(obj)) obj = _.values(obj);
        return obj[_.random(obj.length - 1)];
      }
      var sample = isArrayLike(obj) ? _.clone(obj) : _.values(obj);
      var length = getLength(sample);
      n = Math.max(Math.min(n, length), 0);
      var last = length - 1;
      for (var index = 0; index < n; index++) {
        var rand = _.random(index, last);
        var temp = sample[index];
        sample[index] = sample[rand];
        sample[rand] = temp;
      }
      return sample.slice(0, n);
    };
  
    // Sort the object's values by a criterion produced by an iteratee.
    _.sortBy = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
      var index = 0;
      iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
      return _.pluck(_.map(obj, function(value, key, list) {
        return {
          value: value,
          index: index++,
          criteria: iteratee(value, key, list)
        };
      }).sort(function(left, right) {
        var a = left.criteria;
        var b = right.criteria;
        if (a !== b) {
          if (a > b || a === void 0) return 1;
          if (a < b || b === void 0) return -1;
        }
        return left.index - right.index;
      }), 'value');
    };
  
    // An internal function used for aggregate "group by" operations.
    var group = function(behavior, partition) {
      return function(obj, iteratee, context) {
        var result = partition ? [[], []] : {};
        iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
        _.each(obj, function(value, index) {
          var key = iteratee(value, index, obj);
          behavior(result, value, key);
        });
        return result;
      };
    };
  
    // Groups the object's values by a criterion. Pass either a string attribute
    // to group by, or a function that returns the criterion.
    _.groupBy = group(function(result, value, key) {
      if (has(result, key)) result[key].push(value); else result[key] = [value];
    });
  
    // Indexes the object's values by a criterion, similar to `groupBy`, but for
    // when you know that your index values will be unique.
    _.indexBy = group(function(result, value, key) {
      result[key] = value;
    });
  
    // Counts instances of an object that group by a certain criterion. Pass
    // either a string attribute to count by, or a function that returns the
    // criterion.
    _.countBy = group(function(result, value, key) {
      if (has(result, key)) result[key]++; else result[key] = 1;
    });
  
    var reStrSymbol = /[^\ud800-\udfff]|[\ud800-\udbff][\udc00-\udfff]|[\ud800-\udfff]/g;
    // Safely create a real, live array from anything iterable.
    _.toArray = function(obj) {
      if (!obj) return [];
      if (_.isArray(obj)) return slice.call(obj);
      if (_.isString(obj)) {
        // Keep surrogate pair characters together
        return obj.match(reStrSymbol);
      }
      if (isArrayLike(obj)) return _.map(obj, _.identity);
      return _.values(obj);
    };
  
    // Return the number of elements in an object.
    _.size = function(obj) {
      if (obj == null) return 0;
      return isArrayLike(obj) ? obj.length : _.keys(obj).length;
    };
  
    // Split a collection into two arrays: one whose elements all satisfy the given
    // predicate, and one whose elements all do not satisfy the predicate.
    _.partition = group(function(result, value, pass) {
      result[pass ? 0 : 1].push(value);
    }, true);
  
    // Array Functions
    // ---------------
  
    // Get the first element of an array. Passing **n** will return the first N
    // values in the array. Aliased as `head` and `take`. The **guard** check
    // allows it to work with `_.map`.
    _.first = _.head = _.take = function(array, n, guard) {
      if (array == null || array.length < 1) return n == null ? void 0 : [];
      if (n == null || guard) return array[0];
      return _.initial(array, array.length - n);
    };
  
    // Returns everything but the last entry of the array. Especially useful on
    // the arguments object. Passing **n** will return all the values in
    // the array, excluding the last N.
    _.initial = function(array, n, guard) {
      return slice.call(array, 0, Math.max(0, array.length - (n == null || guard ? 1 : n)));
    };
  
    // Get the last element of an array. Passing **n** will return the last N
    // values in the array.
    _.last = function(array, n, guard) {
      if (array == null || array.length < 1) return n == null ? void 0 : [];
      if (n == null || guard) return array[array.length - 1];
      return _.rest(array, Math.max(0, array.length - n));
    };
  
    // Returns everything but the first entry of the array. Aliased as `tail` and `drop`.
    // Especially useful on the arguments object. Passing an **n** will return
    // the rest N values in the array.
    _.rest = _.tail = _.drop = function(array, n, guard) {
      return slice.call(array, n == null || guard ? 1 : n);
    };
  
    // Trim out all falsy values from an array.
    _.compact = function(array) {
      return _.filter(array, Boolean);
    };
  
    // Internal implementation of a recursive `flatten` function.
    var flatten = function(input, shallow, strict, output) {
      output = output || [];
      var idx = output.length;
      for (var i = 0, length = getLength(input); i < length; i++) {
        var value = input[i];
        if (isArrayLike(value) && (_.isArray(value) || _.isArguments(value))) {
          // Flatten current level of array or arguments object.
          if (shallow) {
            var j = 0, len = value.length;
            while (j < len) output[idx++] = value[j++];
          } else {
            flatten(value, shallow, strict, output);
            idx = output.length;
          }
        } else if (!strict) {
          output[idx++] = value;
        }
      }
      return output;
    };
  
    // Flatten out an array, either recursively (by default), or just one level.
    _.flatten = function(array, shallow) {
      return flatten(array, shallow, false);
    };
  
    // Return a version of the array that does not contain the specified value(s).
    _.without = restArguments(function(array, otherArrays) {
      return _.difference(array, otherArrays);
    });
  
    // Produce a duplicate-free version of the array. If the array has already
    // been sorted, you have the option of using a faster algorithm.
    // The faster algorithm will not work with an iteratee if the iteratee
    // is not a one-to-one function, so providing an iteratee will disable
    // the faster algorithm.
    // Aliased as `unique`.
    _.uniq = _.unique = function(array, isSorted, iteratee, context) {
      if (!_.isBoolean(isSorted)) {
        context = iteratee;
        iteratee = isSorted;
        isSorted = false;
      }
      if (iteratee != null) iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
      var result = [];
      var seen = [];
      for (var i = 0, length = getLength(array); i < length; i++) {
        var value = array[i],
            computed = iteratee ? iteratee(value, i, array) : value;
        if (isSorted && !iteratee) {
          if (!i || seen !== computed) result.push(value);
          seen = computed;
        } else if (iteratee) {
          if (!_.contains(seen, computed)) {
            seen.push(computed);
            result.push(value);
          }
        } else if (!_.contains(result, value)) {
          result.push(value);
        }
      }
      return result;
    };
  
    // Produce an array that contains the union: each distinct element from all of
    // the passed-in arrays.
    _.union = restArguments(function(arrays) {
      return _.uniq(flatten(arrays, true, true));
    });
  
    // Produce an array that contains every item shared between all the
    // passed-in arrays.
    _.intersection = function(array) {
      var result = [];
      var argsLength = arguments.length;
      for (var i = 0, length = getLength(array); i < length; i++) {
        var item = array[i];
        if (_.contains(result, item)) continue;
        var j;
        for (j = 1; j < argsLength; j++) {
          if (!_.contains(arguments[j], item)) break;
        }
        if (j === argsLength) result.push(item);
      }
      return result;
    };
  
    // Take the difference between one array and a number of other arrays.
    // Only the elements present in just the first array will remain.
    _.difference = restArguments(function(array, rest) {
      rest = flatten(rest, true, true);
      return _.filter(array, function(value){
        return !_.contains(rest, value);
      });
    });
  
    // Complement of _.zip. Unzip accepts an array of arrays and groups
    // each array's elements on shared indices.
    _.unzip = function(array) {
      var length = array && _.max(array, getLength).length || 0;
      var result = Array(length);
  
      for (var index = 0; index < length; index++) {
        result[index] = _.pluck(array, index);
      }
      return result;
    };
  
    // Zip together multiple lists into a single array -- elements that share
    // an index go together.
    _.zip = restArguments(_.unzip);
  
    // Converts lists into objects. Pass either a single array of `[key, value]`
    // pairs, or two parallel arrays of the same length -- one of keys, and one of
    // the corresponding values. Passing by pairs is the reverse of _.pairs.
    _.object = function(list, values) {
      var result = {};
      for (var i = 0, length = getLength(list); i < length; i++) {
        if (values) {
          result[list[i]] = values[i];
        } else {
          result[list[i][0]] = list[i][1];
        }
      }
      return result;
    };
  
    // Generator function to create the findIndex and findLastIndex functions.
    var createPredicateIndexFinder = function(dir) {
      return function(array, predicate, context) {
        predicate = cb(predicate, context);
        var length = getLength(array);
        var index = dir > 0 ? 0 : length - 1;
        for (; index >= 0 && index < length; index += dir) {
          if (predicate(array[index], index, array)) return index;
        }
        return -1;
      };
    };
  
    // Returns the first index on an array-like that passes a predicate test.
    _.findIndex = createPredicateIndexFinder(1);
    _.findLastIndex = createPredicateIndexFinder(-1);
  
    // Use a comparator function to figure out the smallest index at which
    // an object should be inserted so as to maintain order. Uses binary search.
    _.sortedIndex = function(array, obj, iteratee, context) {
      iteratee = cb(iteratee, context, 1);
      var value = iteratee(obj);
      var low = 0, high = getLength(array);
      while (low < high) {
        var mid = Math.floor((low + high) / 2);
        if (iteratee(array[mid]) < value) low = mid + 1; else high = mid;
      }
      return low;
    };
  
    // Generator function to create the indexOf and lastIndexOf functions.
    var createIndexFinder = function(dir, predicateFind, sortedIndex) {
      return function(array, item, idx) {
        var i = 0, length = getLength(array);
        if (typeof idx == 'number') {
          if (dir > 0) {
            i = idx >= 0 ? idx : Math.max(idx + length, i);
          } else {
            length = idx >= 0 ? Math.min(idx + 1, length) : idx + length + 1;
          }
        } else if (sortedIndex && idx && length) {
          idx = sortedIndex(array, item);
          return array[idx] === item ? idx : -1;
        }
        if (item !== item) {
          idx = predicateFind(slice.call(array, i, length), _.isNaN);
          return idx >= 0 ? idx + i : -1;
        }
        for (idx = dir > 0 ? i : length - 1; idx >= 0 && idx < length; idx += dir) {
          if (array[idx] === item) return idx;
        }
        return -1;
      };
    };
  
    // Return the position of the first occurrence of an item in an array,
    // or -1 if the item is not included in the array.
    // If the array is large and already in sort order, pass `true`
    // for **isSorted** to use binary search.
    _.indexOf = createIndexFinder(1, _.findIndex, _.sortedIndex);
    _.lastIndexOf = createIndexFinder(-1, _.findLastIndex);
  
    // Generate an integer Array containing an arithmetic progression. A port of
    // the native Python `range()` function. See
    // [the Python documentation](http://docs.python.org/library/functions.html#range).
    _.range = function(start, stop, step) {
      if (stop == null) {
        stop = start || 0;
        start = 0;
      }
      if (!step) {
        step = stop < start ? -1 : 1;
      }
  
      var length = Math.max(Math.ceil((stop - start) / step), 0);
      var range = Array(length);
  
      for (var idx = 0; idx < length; idx++, start += step) {
        range[idx] = start;
      }
  
      return range;
    };
  
    // Chunk a single array into multiple arrays, each containing `count` or fewer
    // items.
    _.chunk = function(array, count) {
      if (count == null || count < 1) return [];
      var result = [];
      var i = 0, length = array.length;
      while (i < length) {
        result.push(slice.call(array, i, i += count));
      }
      return result;
    };
  
    // Function (ahem) Functions
    // ------------------
  
    // Determines whether to execute a function as a constructor
    // or a normal function with the provided arguments.
    var executeBound = function(sourceFunc, boundFunc, context, callingContext, args) {
      if (!(callingContext instanceof boundFunc)) return sourceFunc.apply(context, args);
      var self = baseCreate(sourceFunc.prototype);
      var result = sourceFunc.apply(self, args);
      if (_.isObject(result)) return result;
      return self;
    };
  
    // Create a function bound to a given object (assigning `this`, and arguments,
    // optionally). Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `Function.bind` if
    // available.
    _.bind = restArguments(function(func, context, args) {
      if (!_.isFunction(func)) throw new TypeError('Bind must be called on a function');
      var bound = restArguments(function(callArgs) {
        return executeBound(func, bound, context, this, args.concat(callArgs));
      });
      return bound;
    });
  
    // Partially apply a function by creating a version that has had some of its
    // arguments pre-filled, without changing its dynamic `this` context. _ acts
    // as a placeholder by default, allowing any combination of arguments to be
    // pre-filled. Set `_.partial.placeholder` for a custom placeholder argument.
    _.partial = restArguments(function(func, boundArgs) {
      var placeholder = _.partial.placeholder;
      var bound = function() {
        var position = 0, length = boundArgs.length;
        var args = Array(length);
        for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
          args[i] = boundArgs[i] === placeholder ? arguments[position++] : boundArgs[i];
        }
        while (position < arguments.length) args.push(arguments[position++]);
        return executeBound(func, bound, this, this, args);
      };
      return bound;
    });
  
    _.partial.placeholder = _;
  
    // Bind a number of an object's methods to that object. Remaining arguments
    // are the method names to be bound. Useful for ensuring that all callbacks
    // defined on an object belong to it.
    _.bindAll = restArguments(function(obj, keys) {
      keys = flatten(keys, false, false);
      var index = keys.length;
      if (index < 1) throw new Error('bindAll must be passed function names');
      while (index--) {
        var key = keys[index];
        obj[key] = _.bind(obj[key], obj);
      }
    });
  
    // Memoize an expensive function by storing its results.
    _.memoize = function(func, hasher) {
      var memoize = function(key) {
        var cache = memoize.cache;
        var address = '' + (hasher ? hasher.apply(this, arguments) : key);
        if (!has(cache, address)) cache[address] = func.apply(this, arguments);
        return cache[address];
      };
      memoize.cache = {};
      return memoize;
    };
  
    // Delays a function for the given number of milliseconds, and then calls
    // it with the arguments supplied.
    _.delay = restArguments(function(func, wait, args) {
      return setTimeout(function() {
        return func.apply(null, args);
      }, wait);
    });
  
    // Defers a function, scheduling it to run after the current call stack has
    // cleared.
    _.defer = _.partial(_.delay, _, 1);
  
    // Returns a function, that, when invoked, will only be triggered at most once
    // during a given window of time. Normally, the throttled function will run
    // as much as it can, without ever going more than once per `wait` duration;
    // but if you'd like to disable the execution on the leading edge, pass
    // `{leading: false}`. To disable execution on the trailing edge, ditto.
    _.throttle = function(func, wait, options) {
      var timeout, context, args, result;
      var previous = 0;
      if (!options) options = {};
  
      var later = function() {
        previous = options.leading === false ? 0 : _.now();
        timeout = null;
        result = func.apply(context, args);
        if (!timeout) context = args = null;
      };
  
      var throttled = function() {
        var now = _.now();
        if (!previous && options.leading === false) previous = now;
        var remaining = wait - (now - previous);
        context = this;
        args = arguments;
        if (remaining <= 0 || remaining > wait) {
          if (timeout) {
            clearTimeout(timeout);
            timeout = null;
          }
          previous = now;
          result = func.apply(context, args);
          if (!timeout) context = args = null;
        } else if (!timeout && options.trailing !== false) {
          timeout = setTimeout(later, remaining);
        }
        return result;
      };
  
      throttled.cancel = function() {
        clearTimeout(timeout);
        previous = 0;
        timeout = context = args = null;
      };
  
      return throttled;
    };
  
    // Returns a function, that, as long as it continues to be invoked, will not
    // be triggered. The function will be called after it stops being called for
    // N milliseconds. If `immediate` is passed, trigger the function on the
    // leading edge, instead of the trailing.
    _.debounce = function(func, wait, immediate) {
      var timeout, result;
  
      var later = function(context, args) {
        timeout = null;
        if (args) result = func.apply(context, args);
      };
  
      var debounced = restArguments(function(args) {
        if (timeout) clearTimeout(timeout);
        if (immediate) {
          var callNow = !timeout;
          timeout = setTimeout(later, wait);
          if (callNow) result = func.apply(this, args);
        } else {
          timeout = _.delay(later, wait, this, args);
        }
  
        return result;
      });
  
      debounced.cancel = function() {
        clearTimeout(timeout);
        timeout = null;
      };
  
      return debounced;
    };
  
    // Returns the first function passed as an argument to the second,
    // allowing you to adjust arguments, run code before and after, and
    // conditionally execute the original function.
    _.wrap = function(func, wrapper) {
      return _.partial(wrapper, func);
    };
  
    // Returns a negated version of the passed-in predicate.
    _.negate = function(predicate) {
      return function() {
        return !predicate.apply(this, arguments);
      };
    };
  
    // Returns a function that is the composition of a list of functions, each
    // consuming the return value of the function that follows.
    _.compose = function() {
      var args = arguments;
      var start = args.length - 1;
      return function() {
        var i = start;
        var result = args[start].apply(this, arguments);
        while (i--) result = args[i].call(this, result);
        return result;
      };
    };
  
    // Returns a function that will only be executed on and after the Nth call.
    _.after = function(times, func) {
      return function() {
        if (--times < 1) {
          return func.apply(this, arguments);
        }
      };
    };
  
    // Returns a function that will only be executed up to (but not including) the Nth call.
    _.before = function(times, func) {
      var memo;
      return function() {
        if (--times > 0) {
          memo = func.apply(this, arguments);
        }
        if (times <= 1) func = null;
        return memo;
      };
    };
  
    // Returns a function that will be executed at most one time, no matter how
    // often you call it. Useful for lazy initialization.
    _.once = _.partial(_.before, 2);
  
    _.restArguments = restArguments;
  
    // Object Functions
    // ----------------
  
    // Keys in IE < 9 that won't be iterated by `for key in ...` and thus missed.
    var hasEnumBug = !{toString: null}.propertyIsEnumerable('toString');
    var nonEnumerableProps = ['valueOf', 'isPrototypeOf', 'toString',
      'propertyIsEnumerable', 'hasOwnProperty', 'toLocaleString'];
  
    var collectNonEnumProps = function(obj, keys) {
      var nonEnumIdx = nonEnumerableProps.length;
      var constructor = obj.constructor;
      var proto = _.isFunction(constructor) && constructor.prototype || ObjProto;
  
      // Constructor is a special case.
      var prop = 'constructor';
      if (has(obj, prop) && !_.contains(keys, prop)) keys.push(prop);
  
      while (nonEnumIdx--) {
        prop = nonEnumerableProps[nonEnumIdx];
        if (prop in obj && obj[prop] !== proto[prop] && !_.contains(keys, prop)) {
          keys.push(prop);
        }
      }
    };
  
    // Retrieve the names of an object's own properties.
    // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `Object.keys`.
    _.keys = function(obj) {
      if (!_.isObject(obj)) return [];
      if (nativeKeys) return nativeKeys(obj);
      var keys = [];
      for (var key in obj) if (has(obj, key)) keys.push(key);
      // Ahem, IE < 9.
      if (hasEnumBug) collectNonEnumProps(obj, keys);
      return keys;
    };
  
    // Retrieve all the property names of an object.
    _.allKeys = function(obj) {
      if (!_.isObject(obj)) return [];
      var keys = [];
      for (var key in obj) keys.push(key);
      // Ahem, IE < 9.
      if (hasEnumBug) collectNonEnumProps(obj, keys);
      return keys;
    };
  
    // Retrieve the values of an object's properties.
    _.values = function(obj) {
      var keys = _.keys(obj);
      var length = keys.length;
      var values = Array(length);
      for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        values[i] = obj[keys[i]];
      }
      return values;
    };
  
    // Returns the results of applying the iteratee to each element of the object.
    // In contrast to _.map it returns an object.
    _.mapObject = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
      iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
      var keys = _.keys(obj),
          length = keys.length,
          results = {};
      for (var index = 0; index < length; index++) {
        var currentKey = keys[index];
        results[currentKey] = iteratee(obj[currentKey], currentKey, obj);
      }
      return results;
    };
  
    // Convert an object into a list of `[key, value]` pairs.
    // The opposite of _.object.
    _.pairs = function(obj) {
      var keys = _.keys(obj);
      var length = keys.length;
      var pairs = Array(length);
      for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        pairs[i] = [keys[i], obj[keys[i]]];
      }
      return pairs;
    };
  
    // Invert the keys and values of an object. The values must be serializable.
    _.invert = function(obj) {
      var result = {};
      var keys = _.keys(obj);
      for (var i = 0, length = keys.length; i < length; i++) {
        result[obj[keys[i]]] = keys[i];
      }
      return result;
    };
  
    // Return a sorted list of the function names available on the object.
    // Aliased as `methods`.
    _.functions = _.methods = function(obj) {
      var names = [];
      for (var key in obj) {
        if (_.isFunction(obj[key])) names.push(key);
      }
      return names.sort();
    };
  
    // An internal function for creating assigner functions.
    var createAssigner = function(keysFunc, defaults) {
      return function(obj) {
        var length = arguments.length;
        if (defaults) obj = Object(obj);
        if (length < 2 || obj == null) return obj;
        for (var index = 1; index < length; index++) {
          var source = arguments[index],
              keys = keysFunc(source),
              l = keys.length;
          for (var i = 0; i < l; i++) {
            var key = keys[i];
            if (!defaults || obj[key] === void 0) obj[key] = source[key];
          }
        }
        return obj;
      };
    };
  
    // Extend a given object with all the properties in passed-in object(s).
    _.extend = createAssigner(_.allKeys);
  
    // Assigns a given object with all the own properties in the passed-in object(s).
    // (https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/assign)
    _.extendOwn = _.assign = createAssigner(_.keys);
  
    // Returns the first key on an object that passes a predicate test.
    _.findKey = function(obj, predicate, context) {
      predicate = cb(predicate, context);
      var keys = _.keys(obj), key;
      for (var i = 0, length = keys.length; i < length; i++) {
        key = keys[i];
        if (predicate(obj[key], key, obj)) return key;
      }
    };
  
    // Internal pick helper function to determine if `obj` has key `key`.
    var keyInObj = function(value, key, obj) {
      return key in obj;
    };
  
    // Return a copy of the object only containing the whitelisted properties.
    _.pick = restArguments(function(obj, keys) {
      var result = {}, iteratee = keys[0];
      if (obj == null) return result;
      if (_.isFunction(iteratee)) {
        if (keys.length > 1) iteratee = optimizeCb(iteratee, keys[1]);
        keys = _.allKeys(obj);
      } else {
        iteratee = keyInObj;
        keys = flatten(keys, false, false);
        obj = Object(obj);
      }
      for (var i = 0, length = keys.length; i < length; i++) {
        var key = keys[i];
        var value = obj[key];
        if (iteratee(value, key, obj)) result[key] = value;
      }
      return result;
    });
  
    // Return a copy of the object without the blacklisted properties.
    _.omit = restArguments(function(obj, keys) {
      var iteratee = keys[0], context;
      if (_.isFunction(iteratee)) {
        iteratee = _.negate(iteratee);
        if (keys.length > 1) context = keys[1];
      } else {
        keys = _.map(flatten(keys, false, false), String);
        iteratee = function(value, key) {
          return !_.contains(keys, key);
        };
      }
      return _.pick(obj, iteratee, context);
    });
  
    // Fill in a given object with default properties.
    _.defaults = createAssigner(_.allKeys, true);
  
    // Creates an object that inherits from the given prototype object.
    // If additional properties are provided then they will be added to the
    // created object.
    _.create = function(prototype, props) {
      var result = baseCreate(prototype);
      if (props) _.extendOwn(result, props);
      return result;
    };
  
    // Create a (shallow-cloned) duplicate of an object.
    _.clone = function(obj) {
      if (!_.isObject(obj)) return obj;
      return _.isArray(obj) ? obj.slice() : _.extend({}, obj);
    };
  
    // Invokes interceptor with the obj, and then returns obj.
    // The primary purpose of this method is to "tap into" a method chain, in
    // order to perform operations on intermediate results within the chain.
    _.tap = function(obj, interceptor) {
      interceptor(obj);
      return obj;
    };
  
    // Returns whether an object has a given set of `key:value` pairs.
    _.isMatch = function(object, attrs) {
      var keys = _.keys(attrs), length = keys.length;
      if (object == null) return !length;
      var obj = Object(object);
      for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        var key = keys[i];
        if (attrs[key] !== obj[key] || !(key in obj)) return false;
      }
      return true;
    };
  
  
    // Internal recursive comparison function for `isEqual`.
    var eq, deepEq;
    eq = function(a, b, aStack, bStack) {
      // Identical objects are equal. `0 === -0`, but they aren't identical.
      // See the [Harmony `egal` proposal](http://wiki.ecmascript.org/doku.php?id=harmony:egal).
      if (a === b) return a !== 0 || 1 / a === 1 / b;
      // `null` or `undefined` only equal to itself (strict comparison).
      if (a == null || b == null) return false;
      // `NaN`s are equivalent, but non-reflexive.
      if (a !== a) return b !== b;
      // Exhaust primitive checks
      var type = typeof a;
      if (type !== 'function' && type !== 'object' && typeof b != 'object') return false;
      return deepEq(a, b, aStack, bStack);
    };
  
    // Internal recursive comparison function for `isEqual`.
    deepEq = function(a, b, aStack, bStack) {
      // Unwrap any wrapped objects.
      if (a instanceof _) a = a._wrapped;
      if (b instanceof _) b = b._wrapped;
      // Compare `[[Class]]` names.
      var className = toString.call(a);
      if (className !== toString.call(b)) return false;
      switch (className) {
        // Strings, numbers, regular expressions, dates, and booleans are compared by value.
        case '[object RegExp]':
        // RegExps are coerced to strings for comparison (Note: '' + /a/i === '/a/i')
        case '[object String]':
          // Primitives and their corresponding object wrappers are equivalent; thus, `"5"` is
          // equivalent to `new String("5")`.
          return '' + a === '' + b;
        case '[object Number]':
          // `NaN`s are equivalent, but non-reflexive.
          // Object(NaN) is equivalent to NaN.
          if (+a !== +a) return +b !== +b;
          // An `egal` comparison is performed for other numeric values.
          return +a === 0 ? 1 / +a === 1 / b : +a === +b;
        case '[object Date]':
        case '[object Boolean]':
          // Coerce dates and booleans to numeric primitive values. Dates are compared by their
          // millisecond representations. Note that invalid dates with millisecond representations
          // of `NaN` are not equivalent.
          return +a === +b;
        case '[object Symbol]':
          return SymbolProto.valueOf.call(a) === SymbolProto.valueOf.call(b);
      }
  
      var areArrays = className === '[object Array]';
      if (!areArrays) {
        if (typeof a != 'object' || typeof b != 'object') return false;
  
        // Objects with different constructors are not equivalent, but `Object`s or `Array`s
        // from different frames are.
        var aCtor = a.constructor, bCtor = b.constructor;
        if (aCtor !== bCtor && !(_.isFunction(aCtor) && aCtor instanceof aCtor &&
                                 _.isFunction(bCtor) && bCtor instanceof bCtor)
                            && ('constructor' in a && 'constructor' in b)) {
          return false;
        }
      }
      // Assume equality for cyclic structures. The algorithm for detecting cyclic
      // structures is adapted from ES 5.1 section 15.12.3, abstract operation `JO`.
  
      // Initializing stack of traversed objects.
      // It's done here since we only need them for objects and arrays comparison.
      aStack = aStack || [];
      bStack = bStack || [];
      var length = aStack.length;
      while (length--) {
        // Linear search. Performance is inversely proportional to the number of
        // unique nested structures.
        if (aStack[length] === a) return bStack[length] === b;
      }
  
      // Add the first object to the stack of traversed objects.
      aStack.push(a);
      bStack.push(b);
  
      // Recursively compare objects and arrays.
      if (areArrays) {
        // Compare array lengths to determine if a deep comparison is necessary.
        length = a.length;
        if (length !== b.length) return false;
        // Deep compare the contents, ignoring non-numeric properties.
        while (length--) {
          if (!eq(a[length], b[length], aStack, bStack)) return false;
        }
      } else {
        // Deep compare objects.
        var keys = _.keys(a), key;
        length = keys.length;
        // Ensure that both objects contain the same number of properties before comparing deep equality.
        if (_.keys(b).length !== length) return false;
        while (length--) {
          // Deep compare each member
          key = keys[length];
          if (!(has(b, key) && eq(a[key], b[key], aStack, bStack))) return false;
        }
      }
      // Remove the first object from the stack of traversed objects.
      aStack.pop();
      bStack.pop();
      return true;
    };
  
    // Perform a deep comparison to check if two objects are equal.
    _.isEqual = function(a, b) {
      return eq(a, b);
    };
  
    // Is a given array, string, or object empty?
    // An "empty" object has no enumerable own-properties.
    _.isEmpty = function(obj) {
      if (obj == null) return true;
      if (isArrayLike(obj) && (_.isArray(obj) || _.isString(obj) || _.isArguments(obj))) return obj.length === 0;
      return _.keys(obj).length === 0;
    };
  
    // Is a given value a DOM element?
    _.isElement = function(obj) {
      return !!(obj && obj.nodeType === 1);
    };
  
    // Is a given value an array?
    // Delegates to ECMA5's native Array.isArray
    _.isArray = nativeIsArray || function(obj) {
      return toString.call(obj) === '[object Array]';
    };
  
    // Is a given variable an object?
    _.isObject = function(obj) {
      var type = typeof obj;
      return type === 'function' || type === 'object' && !!obj;
    };
  
    // Add some isType methods: isArguments, isFunction, isString, isNumber, isDate, isRegExp, isError, isMap, isWeakMap, isSet, isWeakSet.
    _.each(['Arguments', 'Function', 'String', 'Number', 'Date', 'RegExp', 'Error', 'Symbol', 'Map', 'WeakMap', 'Set', 'WeakSet'], function(name) {
      _['is' + name] = function(obj) {
        return toString.call(obj) === '[object ' + name + ']';
      };
    });
  
    // Define a fallback version of the method in browsers (ahem, IE < 9), where
    // there isn't any inspectable "Arguments" type.
    if (!_.isArguments(arguments)) {
      _.isArguments = function(obj) {
        return has(obj, 'callee');
      };
    }
  
    // Optimize `isFunction` if appropriate. Work around some typeof bugs in old v8,
    // IE 11 (#1621), Safari 8 (#1929), and PhantomJS (#2236).
    var nodelist = root.document && root.document.childNodes;
    if (typeof /./ != 'function' && typeof Int8Array != 'object' && typeof nodelist != 'function') {
      _.isFunction = function(obj) {
        return typeof obj == 'function' || false;
      };
    }
  
    // Is a given object a finite number?
    _.isFinite = function(obj) {
      return !_.isSymbol(obj) && isFinite(obj) && !isNaN(parseFloat(obj));
    };
  
    // Is the given value `NaN`?
    _.isNaN = function(obj) {
      return _.isNumber(obj) && isNaN(obj);
    };
  
    // Is a given value a boolean?
    _.isBoolean = function(obj) {
      return obj === true || obj === false || toString.call(obj) === '[object Boolean]';
    };
  
    // Is a given value equal to null?
    _.isNull = function(obj) {
      return obj === null;
    };
  
    // Is a given variable undefined?
    _.isUndefined = function(obj) {
      return obj === void 0;
    };
  
    // Shortcut function for checking if an object has a given property directly
    // on itself (in other words, not on a prototype).
    _.has = function(obj, path) {
      if (!_.isArray(path)) {
        return has(obj, path);
      }
      var length = path.length;
      for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        var key = path[i];
        if (obj == null || !hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key)) {
          return false;
        }
        obj = obj[key];
      }
      return !!length;
    };
  
    // Utility Functions
    // -----------------
  
    // Run Underscore.js in *noConflict* mode, returning the `_` variable to its
    // previous owner. Returns a reference to the Underscore object.
    _.noConflict = function() {
      root._ = previousUnderscore;
      return this;
    };
  
    // Keep the identity function around for default iteratees.
    _.identity = function(value) {
      return value;
    };
  
    // Predicate-generating functions. Often useful outside of Underscore.
    _.constant = function(value) {
      return function() {
        return value;
      };
    };
  
    _.noop = function(){};
  
    // Creates a function that, when passed an object, will traverse that object’s
    // properties down the given `path`, specified as an array of keys or indexes.
    _.property = function(path) {
      if (!_.isArray(path)) {
        return shallowProperty(path);
      }
      return function(obj) {
        return deepGet(obj, path);
      };
    };
  
    // Generates a function for a given object that returns a given property.
    _.propertyOf = function(obj) {
      if (obj == null) {
        return function(){};
      }
      return function(path) {
        return !_.isArray(path) ? obj[path] : deepGet(obj, path);
      };
    };
  
    // Returns a predicate for checking whether an object has a given set of
    // `key:value` pairs.
    _.matcher = _.matches = function(attrs) {
      attrs = _.extendOwn({}, attrs);
      return function(obj) {
        return _.isMatch(obj, attrs);
      };
    };
  
    // Run a function **n** times.
    _.times = function(n, iteratee, context) {
      var accum = Array(Math.max(0, n));
      iteratee = optimizeCb(iteratee, context, 1);
      for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) accum[i] = iteratee(i);
      return accum;
    };
  
    // Return a random integer between min and max (inclusive).
    _.random = function(min, max) {
      if (max == null) {
        max = min;
        min = 0;
      }
      return min + Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1));
    };
  
    // A (possibly faster) way to get the current timestamp as an integer.
    _.now = Date.now || function() {
      return new Date().getTime();
    };
  
    // List of HTML entities for escaping.
    var escapeMap = {
      '&': '&amp;',
      '<': '&lt;',
      '>': '&gt;',
      '"': '&quot;',
      "'": '&#x27;',
      '`': '&#x60;'
    };
    var unescapeMap = _.invert(escapeMap);
  
    // Functions for escaping and unescaping strings to/from HTML interpolation.
    var createEscaper = function(map) {
      var escaper = function(match) {
        return map[match];
      };
      // Regexes for identifying a key that needs to be escaped.
      var source = '(?:' + _.keys(map).join('|') + ')';
      var testRegexp = RegExp(source);
      var replaceRegexp = RegExp(source, 'g');
      return function(string) {
        string = string == null ? '' : '' + string;
        return testRegexp.test(string) ? string.replace(replaceRegexp, escaper) : string;
      };
    };
    _.escape = createEscaper(escapeMap);
    _.unescape = createEscaper(unescapeMap);
  
    // Traverses the children of `obj` along `path`. If a child is a function, it
    // is invoked with its parent as context. Returns the value of the final
    // child, or `fallback` if any child is undefined.
    _.result = function(obj, path, fallback) {
      if (!_.isArray(path)) path = [path];
      var length = path.length;
      if (!length) {
        return _.isFunction(fallback) ? fallback.call(obj) : fallback;
      }
      for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        var prop = obj == null ? void 0 : obj[path[i]];
        if (prop === void 0) {
          prop = fallback;
          i = length; // Ensure we don't continue iterating.
        }
        obj = _.isFunction(prop) ? prop.call(obj) : prop;
      }
      return obj;
    };
  
    // Generate a unique integer id (unique within the entire client session).
    // Useful for temporary DOM ids.
    var idCounter = 0;
    _.uniqueId = function(prefix) {
      var id = ++idCounter + '';
      return prefix ? prefix + id : id;
    };
  
    // By default, Underscore uses ERB-style template delimiters, change the
    // following template settings to use alternative delimiters.
    _.templateSettings = {
      evaluate: /<%([\s\S]+?)%>/g,
      interpolate: /<%=([\s\S]+?)%>/g,
      escape: /<%-([\s\S]+?)%>/g
    };
  
    // When customizing `templateSettings`, if you don't want to define an
    // interpolation, evaluation or escaping regex, we need one that is
    // guaranteed not to match.
    var noMatch = /(.)^/;
  
    // Certain characters need to be escaped so that they can be put into a
    // string literal.
    var escapes = {
      "'": "'",
      '\\': '\\',
      '\r': 'r',
      '\n': 'n',
      '\u2028': 'u2028',
      '\u2029': 'u2029'
    };
  
    var escapeRegExp = /\\|'|\r|\n|\u2028|\u2029/g;
  
    var escapeChar = function(match) {
      return '\\' + escapes[match];
    };
  
    // JavaScript micro-templating, similar to John Resig's implementation.
    // Underscore templating handles arbitrary delimiters, preserves whitespace,
    // and correctly escapes quotes within interpolated code.
    // NB: `oldSettings` only exists for backwards compatibility.
    _.template = function(text, settings, oldSettings) {
      if (!settings && oldSettings) settings = oldSettings;
      settings = _.defaults({}, settings, _.templateSettings);
  
      // Combine delimiters into one regular expression via alternation.
      var matcher = RegExp([
        (settings.escape || noMatch).source,
        (settings.interpolate || noMatch).source,
        (settings.evaluate || noMatch).source
      ].join('|') + '|$', 'g');
  
      // Compile the template source, escaping string literals appropriately.
      var index = 0;
      var source = "__p+='";
      text.replace(matcher, function(match, escape, interpolate, evaluate, offset) {
        source += text.slice(index, offset).replace(escapeRegExp, escapeChar);
        index = offset + match.length;
  
        if (escape) {
          source += "'+\n((__t=(" + escape + "))==null?'':_.escape(__t))+\n'";
        } else if (interpolate) {
          source += "'+\n((__t=(" + interpolate + "))==null?'':__t)+\n'";
        } else if (evaluate) {
          source += "';\n" + evaluate + "\n__p+='";
        }
  
        // Adobe VMs need the match returned to produce the correct offset.
        return match;
      });
      source += "';\n";
  
      // If a variable is not specified, place data values in local scope.
      if (!settings.variable) source = 'with(obj||{}){\n' + source + '}\n';
  
      source = "var __t,__p='',__j=Array.prototype.join," +
        "print=function(){__p+=__j.call(arguments,'');};\n" +
        source + 'return __p;\n';
  
      var render;
      try {
        render = new Function(settings.variable || 'obj', '_', source);
      } catch (e) {
        e.source = source;
        throw e;
      }
  
      var template = function(data) {
        return render.call(this, data, _);
      };
  
      // Provide the compiled source as a convenience for precompilation.
      var argument = settings.variable || 'obj';
      template.source = 'function(' + argument + '){\n' + source + '}';
  
      return template;
    };
  
    // Add a "chain" function. Start chaining a wrapped Underscore object.
    _.chain = function(obj) {
      var instance = _(obj);
      instance._chain = true;
      return instance;
    };
  
    // OOP
    // ---------------
    // If Underscore is called as a function, it returns a wrapped object that
    // can be used OO-style. This wrapper holds altered versions of all the
    // underscore functions. Wrapped objects may be chained.
  
    // Helper function to continue chaining intermediate results.
    var chainResult = function(instance, obj) {
      return instance._chain ? _(obj).chain() : obj;
    };
  
    // Add your own custom functions to the Underscore object.
    _.mixin = function(obj) {
      _.each(_.functions(obj), function(name) {
        var func = _[name] = obj[name];
        _.prototype[name] = function() {
          var args = [this._wrapped];
          push.apply(args, arguments);
          return chainResult(this, func.apply(_, args));
        };
      });
      return _;
    };
  
    // Add all of the Underscore functions to the wrapper object.
    _.mixin(_);
  
    // Add all mutator Array functions to the wrapper.
    _.each(['pop', 'push', 'reverse', 'shift', 'sort', 'splice', 'unshift'], function(name) {
      var method = ArrayProto[name];
      _.prototype[name] = function() {
        var obj = this._wrapped;
        method.apply(obj, arguments);
        if ((name === 'shift' || name === 'splice') && obj.length === 0) delete obj[0];
        return chainResult(this, obj);
      };
    });
  
    // Add all accessor Array functions to the wrapper.
    _.each(['concat', 'join', 'slice'], function(name) {
      var method = ArrayProto[name];
      _.prototype[name] = function() {
        return chainResult(this, method.apply(this._wrapped, arguments));
      };
    });
  
    // Extracts the result from a wrapped and chained object.
    _.prototype.value = function() {
      return this._wrapped;
    };
  
    // Provide unwrapping proxy for some methods used in engine operations
    // such as arithmetic and JSON stringification.
    _.prototype.valueOf = _.prototype.toJSON = _.prototype.value;
  
    _.prototype.toString = function() {
      return String(this._wrapped);
    };
  
    // AMD registration happens at the end for compatibility with AMD loaders
    // that may not enforce next-turn semantics on modules. Even though general
    // practice for AMD registration is to be anonymous, underscore registers
    // as a named module because, like jQuery, it is a base library that is
    // popular enough to be bundled in a third party lib, but not be part of
    // an AMD load request. Those cases could generate an error when an
    // anonymous define() is called outside of a loader request.
    if (typeof define == 'function' && define.amd) {
      define('underscore', [], function() {
        return _;
      });
    }

    window._ = _;
  }());